Laparoscopic surgery, often referred to as minimally invasive surgery (MIS) or keyhole surgery, is a modern surgical technique where operations are performed through small incisions rather than large open cuts. This advanced procedure has revolutionized surgical practices, offering a safer and quicker recovery option compared to traditional open surgery.

The technique uses a laparoscope, a thin, long tube equipped with a high-definition camera and light source, which allows surgeons to visualize the internal organs on a monitor. Small surgical instruments are inserted through additional tiny incisions to perform the required operation. This reduces trauma to the body, minimizes blood loss, and accelerates the healing process.

Procedures Treated with Laparoscopic Surgery

Laparoscopic surgery is utilized across various medical specialties. Some of the key treatments and conditions addressed include:

Gallbladder Removal (Cholecystectomy): A common laparoscopic procedure for treating gallstones or inflammation of the gallbladder. It involves removing the gallbladder through small incisions in the abdomen.

Appendix Removal (Appendectomy): For patients with appendicitis, laparoscopic surgery offers a quicker and less painful alternative to open surgery. The inflamed appendix is safely removed with minimal scarring.

Hernia Repair: Laparoscopy is widely used to repair inguinal, umbilical, or ventral hernias. A mesh may be placed to reinforce the abdominal wall, reducing the chances of recurrence.

Gynecological Surgeries:

• Ovarian Cyst Removal: Treating cysts while preserving ovarian function.
• Hysterectomy: Removal of the uterus for conditions like fibroids or heavy bleeding.
• Endometriosis Treatment: Laparoscopy allows excision of endometriotic tissue and adhesions.

Bariatric Surgery (Weight Loss Surgery): Procedures like gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy are performed laparoscopically to reduce the stomach size, aiding weight loss in obese patients.

Colorectal Surgery: Laparoscopic surgery is used for removing sections of the colon in cases of cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or diverticulitis.

Diagnostic Laparoscopy: In cases of unexplained abdominal pain, infertility, or suspected tumors, laparoscopy helps diagnose and sometimes treat conditions during the same procedure.

Benefits of Laparoscopic Surgery

• Smaller incisions and minimal scarring
• Reduced pain and discomfort post-surgery
• Shorter hospital stays and faster recovery times
• Lower risk of infections and complications
• Better cosmetic outcomes